Aiuto:AFI/Serbo-Croat

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Serbo-Croatian (the Croatian and Serbian standards thereof) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-sh}}, {{IPA-sr}}, {{IPA-hr}}, {{IPA-bs}}, {{IPA-cnr}}, and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Examples below in the Latin script are given in the Ijekavian pronunciation, while Cyrillic ones are in the Ekavian pronunciation. See Serbo-Croatian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.

Consonants
IPA Example English approximation
Latin Cyrillic
b bob боб bob
d dan дан doom
đak[1] ђак jeep (Alveolo-palatal)
ep[1][2] џeп just
f film филм film
ɡ gore горе gore
j ja ја yaw
k kola кола score
l Luka Лука fill
bicikl бицикл little
ʎ bilje биље million
m more море more
ɱ informacija информација comfort
n ne не no
njutn њутн burden
ŋ banka банка bank
ɲ konj коњ canyon
p pet пет space
r robot робот trilled r
vrba врба US verb, but trilled
s stol сто stole
ʃ šuma[2] шума shell
t tata тата star
ćup[1] ћуп cheap (Alveolo-palatal)
ts ribica рибица shorts
čekić[1][2] чекић choose
v voda[3] вода between vet and wet
x hir хир Scottish loch
z zima зима zoo
ʒ žaba[2] жаба treasure
Vowels
IPA Example English approximation
Latin Cyrillic
a rad рад father
e let лет let
i list лист least
o more море more
u trup труп tool
Tone and vowel length
Tonic marks are not normally written but are found in dictionaries.[4]
IPA Example Explanation
Latin Cyrillic
e sezóna сезо́на non-tonic short vowel
ùzēti у̀зе̄ти non-tonic long vowel[5]
ě djèca дјѐца short vowel with rising tone
ěː kréda кре́да long vowel with rising tone
ê sjȅme сјȅме short vowel with falling tone
êː rȇp рȇп long vowel with falling tone

See also[mudé | muda l codesc]

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Many speakers in Croatia and some in Bosnia have no distinction between /tɕ/ and /tʃ/ (⟨ć⟩ and ⟨č⟩) or between /dʑ/ and /dʒ/ (⟨đ⟩ and ⟨dž⟩) and are both pronounced [tʃ] and [dʒ] respectively.
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /ʒ/ and /dʒ/ are sometimes transcribed as Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink, Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink, respectively. The fricatives /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ may be realized Template:IPAblink or Template:IPAblink before /tɕ/ or /dʑ/.
  3. ⟨v⟩ is a light fricative, more precisely transcribed [ʋ̝] or [v̞]. However, it does not behave as a fricative in that it does not devoice to *[f] before a voiceless consonant, nor it causes preceding voiceless consonants to become voiced.
  4. Tone marks can also be found on syllabic consonants, such as [ř̩] and [r̩̂ː]. Some articles may use the stress mark, [ˈe], which could correspond to either of the tonic accents (rising or falling) and so they are not a complete transcription, although many speakers in Croatia have no tone distinctions.
  5. Many speakers in Croatia and Serbia pronounce most unstressed long vowels as short.

External links[mudé | muda l codesc]