File:Harrat Khaybar Space.jpg

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English: Satellite image of Harrat Khaybar volcanic field
  • Harrat Khaybar, Saudi Arabia is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 16 crewmember on the International Space Station. The western half of the Arabian peninsula contains not only large expanses of sand and gravel, but extensive lava fields known as haraat (harrat for a named field). One such field is the 14,000-square kilometer Harrat Khaybar, located approximately 137 kilometers to the northeast of the city of Al Madinah (Medina). According to scientists, the volcanic field was formed by eruptions along a 100-kilometer long north-south linear vent system over the past 5 million years; the most recent recorded eruption took place between 600 - 700 A.D.
  • Harrat Khaybar contains a wide range of volcanic rock types and spectacular landforms, several of which are represented in this view. Jabal al Quidr is built from several generations of dark, fluid basalt lava flows; the flows surround the 322--meter high stratovolcano (Jabal is translated as "mountain" in Arabic). Jabal Abyad, in the center of the image, was formed from a more viscous, silica-rich lava classified as a rhyolite. While Jabal al Quidr exhibits the textbook cone shape of a stratovolcano, Jabal Abyad is a lava dome -- a rounded mass of thicker, more solidified lava flows. To the west (top center) is the impressive Jabal Bayda'.
  • This symmetric structure is a tuff cone, formed by eruption of lava in the presence of water. This leads to the production of wet, sticky pyroclastic deposits that can build a steep cone structure, particularly if the deposits consolidate quickly. White deposits visible in the crater of Jabal Bayda' (and two other locations to the south) are formed from sand and silt that accumulate in shallow, protected depressions. The presence of tuff cones -- together with other volcanic features indicative of water -- in the Harrat Khaybar suggest that the local climate was much wetter during some periods of volcanic activity. Today, however, the regional climate is hyperarid -- little to no yearly precipitation -- leading to an almost total lack of vegetation.
Data
Funtana NASA Johnson Space Center (direct link)
Autur Expedition 16 Crew Member on the International Space Station, NASA
Questa immagine o filmato è stato catalogato dal
Johnson Space Center
della
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
 (NASA) degli Stati Uniti d'Americacon il Photo ID: ISS016-E-034524.

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"The Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth". Le immagini provengono dall'Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, della NASA Johnson Space Center.
Fonte della foto: ISS016-E-34524.

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raffigura italiano

data di fondazione o creazione italiano

31 mer 2008

codice di catalogo italiano

ISS016-E-034524

catalogo italiano: Media catalogue of the Johnson Space Center inglese

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atuel16:25, 24 nuë 2010Miniatura de la version de la 16:25, 24 nuë 20103 032 × 2 005 (1,86 MB)Originalwanacorrect white balance
17:19, 3 jun 2009Miniatura de la version de la 17:19, 3 jun 20093 032 × 2 064 (1 016 KB)Av9{{Information |Description={{en|1=Satellite image of Harrat Khaybar volcanic field}} |Source=NASA Johnson Space Center. http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-16/hires/iss016e034524.jpg |Author=Expedition 16 Crew Membe on the Internationa

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