It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Punjabi in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.
↑ 3,03,1/ɾ/ can surface as a trill [r] in word-initial and syllable-final positions. Geminate /ɾː/ is always a trill.
↑[w] occurs as an allophone of [ʋ] when /वTemplate:Nastaliq/ is in an onglide position between an onset consonant and a following vowel while [ʋ], which may phonetically be Template:IPAblink, occurs otherwise.
↑ 5,05,1f and x are not considered native sounds and are present only in loanwords, or they can be considered as tonal sounds of pʰ for Indian dialects. In Pakistani dialects and the Shahmukhi alphabet, it is not considered a tonal sound, and some words are natively derived such as Template:Nq 'fer' (ਫੇਰ 'pher' ~ ਫਿਰ 'phir'). x may, however, be considered a tonal sound for kʰ in Pakistani dialects and are pronounced but not written as such.
↑ 6,06,16,2Not considered a native sound (nor a native letter in Gurmukhi, hence written as a modified consonant with a Nuqta placed below the corresponding letter, unlike Shahmukhi, for which the original letter from Persian, which was derived from the Arabic script). The phonology is, however, retained in Pakistani dialects except for q for which only the spelling is retained, but it is pronounced interchangeably with k.
↑Bhardwaj, Mangat (25 August 2016). Panjabi: A Comprehensive Grammar (per English). Routledge. p. 390. ISBN978-1-317-64326-5. Almost all Panjabi speakers (and many Urdu speakers as well) pronounce the first two of these words with k instead of q.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑[ɛ] occurs as an allophone of /ə/ near an /ɦ/ that is surrounded on both sides by schwas. Usually, the second schwa becomes silent, which results in an [ɛ] preceding an /ɦ/.
↑ 9,09,19,29,3/iː, ɪ/ and /uː, ʊ/ are neutralised to [i, u] at the end of a word.