Aiuto:AFI/Turch

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Turkish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-tr}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

For a more in-depth coverage of the sounds of Turkish, see Turkish phonology.

Consonants
IPA Example English
approximation
b Nfurmazions sun chësta uscbebek about
β Nfurmazions sun chësta uscvücut[1] like vase, but with both lips
c Nfurmazions sun chësta uscşekil[2] skew
d Nfurmazions sun chësta uscmadde ado
Nfurmazions sun chësta uscocak jump
f Nfurmazions sun chësta uscfar food
ɡ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscgam[2] ago
ɟ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscgerçek[2] argue
h Nfurmazions sun chësta uscanahtar home
j Nfurmazions sun chësta uschayat, eğri[3] yes
k Nfurmazions sun chësta usckabak[2] core
l Nfurmazions sun chësta uscbilinç[4] late
ɫ Nfurmazions sun chësta usckulak[2] tail
m Nfurmazions sun chësta usccuma much
n Nfurmazions sun chësta uscnesne not
ɲ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscengin[5] canyon
ŋ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscyangın[6] wing
p Nfurmazions sun chësta uscpazar pan
ɾ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscanahtarlar AmE atom
s Nfurmazions sun chësta uscsinek send
ʃ Nfurmazions sun chësta usckişi shoe
t Nfurmazions sun chësta uscTürkçe table
Nfurmazions sun chësta uscçivi change
v Nfurmazions sun chësta uscçivi[1] vase
z Nfurmazions sun chësta uscpazar zone
ʒ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscjilet leisure
Vowels
IPA Example English
approximation
a Nfurmazions sun chësta usckabak father
æ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscerkek[7] cat
e Nfurmazions sun chësta uscerkek bed
i Nfurmazions sun chësta uscçivi creek
o Nfurmazions sun chësta usctokmak story
œ Nfurmazions sun chësta uscözgürlük somewhat like bird
u Nfurmazions sun chësta uscruh soup
ɯ Nfurmazions sun chësta usckış somewhat like roses
y Nfurmazions sun chësta uscTürkçe somewhat like cue
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples
ˈ torbalı [toɾbaˈɫɯ] 'with bag'
Torbalı [ˈtoɾbaɫɯ] (a place name)[8]
ː â, î, û,[9] ğ[3] lan Template:Audio-IPA 'boy'
  1. 1,0 1,1 /v/ surfaces as Template:IPAblink when either preceded or followed by a rounded vowel (but not when intervocalic).
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 [c~k], [ɟ~ɡ], and [l~ɫ] contrast only in loanwords before Template:Angbr vs. Template:Angbr. In native words, [c, ɟ, l] occur before front vowels ([æ, e, i, œ, y]) and [k, ɡ, ɫ] occur before back vowels ([a, o, u, ɯ]); word-finally or preconsonantally, [c, ɟ, l] occur after front vowels and [k, ɡ, ɫ] occur after back vowels.
  3. 3,0 3,1 In Turkish, the letter Template:Angbr (also called yumuşak g, 'soft g') indicates a number of different sounds, depending on context:
    • in syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example: ağır ('heavy') [aˈɯɾ], ağa ('Agha') [aˈa].
    • in other positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example: dağ ('mountain') [daː], doğru ('true') [doːɾu].
      • if the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eğlence ('fun') [ejlænˈdʒe]
    • in proper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a Template:Angbr, for example: Olğun [oɫˈɡun]
  4. [l] is more accurately described as palatalized postalveolar Template:IPAblink, but it is conventionally transcribed with l.
  5. Template:IPAblink appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink.
  6. Template:IPAblink appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink.
  7. Allophone of /e/ before sonorants [l, m, n, ɾ] in the same syllable, and in the suffix -mez.
  8. In Turkish proper, proper nouns are typically stressed on one of the last three syllables, and other words (excepting some words, certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses) are stressed on the last syllable (see Turkish phonology § Word-accent).
  9. Düzeltme işareti (Turkish for "correction mark") Template:Angbr is a sign which indicates both the vowel length and indicates if the letter Template:Angbr represents Template:IPAblink, the letter Template:Angbr represents Template:IPAblink or the letter Template:Angbr represents Template:IPAblink before back vowels Template:IPAblink and Template:IPAblink.
    Yet the düzeltme işareti is used primarily to indicate palatalization, instead of length. For example, the word katil means "murder" when it is pronounced as [kaˈtil], but it means "killer" when it is pronounced as [kaːˈtil]. The letter Template:Angbr is left unmarked even if it is long because the sound /k/ does not become /c/ in this case.
    Template:Angbr is an exception, as it indicates only the vowel length.