Union Europea

Articul per Ladin Gherdëina

Union Europea
Bulgar: Европейски съюз Cech: Evropská unie Croat: Europska unija Danesc: Den Europæiske Union Eston: Euroopa Liit Finlandesc: Euroopan unioni Franzëus: Union européenne Gaelich: An tAontas Eorpach Grech: Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση Letton: Eiropas Savienība Lituan: Europos Sąjunga Maltesc: Unjoni Ewropea Nglëisc: European Union Olandesc: Europese Unie Polach: Unia Europejska Portughesc: União Europeia Romen: Uniunea Europeană Slovach: Európska únia Sloven: Evropska unija Spanuel: Unión Europea Svedesc: Europeiska unionen Talian: Unione europea Tudësch: Europäische Union Ungaresc: Európai Unió
Inn Inn de l'Europa
Raion de l'Union Europea sul globus
L'Union Europea cun si raions speziei
Sëntes istituzioneles	Bruxelles Commiscion Cunsëi Europeich Cunsëi de l'UE Parlamënt (secunder) Frankfurt Banca Zentrela Zità de Luxemburg Chëurt di Conc Tribunel de Giustizia Cunsëi de l'UE (sëntedes de auril, juni y utober) Secretariat dl Parlamënt Commiscion (plu dipartimënc y servijes) Strasbourg Parlamënt
Majer raion metropolitan	Paris
Rujenedes ufizieles	24 rujenedes 3 rujenedes prinzipeles Franzëus • Nglëisc • Tudësch
Alfabec ufiziei	Latin • Grech • Zirilich
Religion (2015)	71,6% Cristianejim 45,3% Catolizism 11,1% Prutestantejim 9,6% Ortodos 5,6% Autra denominazions cristianes 24,0% Deguna religion 1,8% Islam 2,6% Autres
Sort	Union supranaziunela
Cumëmbri	27 cumëmbri
Furmazion • Tratat de Paris • Tratat de Roma • At Sëul Europeich • Tratat de Maastricht • Tratat de Lisboa	18 auril 1951 1 jené 1958 1 lugio 1987 1 novëmber 1993 1 dezëmber 2009
Spersa De ndut Ega	km² 3,08%
Populazion 2025 Densità	450 380 320 ab.  ab./km²
PIB (VPC) De ndut A persona	Stima 2021  $20 823 miliarc  $46 582
PIB (numinel) De ndut A persona	Stima 2021  $17 046 miliarc  $38 134
Munëida	Euro (€) (EUR) Autres Lev bulgar (BGN) Curona ceca (CZK) Curona daneja (DKK) Kuna croata (HRK) Forint ungaresc (HUF) Złoty polach (PLN) Leu romen (RON) Curona svedeja (SEK)
Zona d'orar Instà	UTC nfin a UTC+2 UTC+1 nfin a UTC+3
Plata internet	europa.eu

L'Union Europea ie n'union sëuranaziunela y anterguviernativa de 27 stac mëmbri independënc democratics européesc.

Storia

L'Union européa ie la majera cunfederazion de stac independënc a livel mundiel, crieda sota chëst inuem dl 1992 tres l tratà sun l'Union européa (Tratà de Maastricht). Per n grum d'aspec ejistova l'Union bele dan chësta data tres na sfilza de relazions predezessëures, pian via dal 1951.

Da l ann 2002 ie uni metu it l Euro.

Al mumënt à l'Union européa n marcià chemun unich, fat da n'union duanela, na munëida unica dirijeda da la banca zentrela européa (adurveda per l mumënt da 14 di 27 cumëmbri), na politiga agricula chemuna, na politiga de cumerz chemuna y na politiga chemuna de pëscia. Na politiga furesta y de segurëza chemuna dëssa vester l segond pilier di trëi piliers dl'Union européa. La cunvenzion de Schengen à abolì l cuntrol dl passaport y l cuntrol duanel per n valgun stac dl'Union, crian na lerch de mobilità chemuna per la vita, l lëur, i viages y l'investizions di sentadins dl'UE.

L'istituzions dl'UE plu impuratantes ie l Cunsëi dl'Union européa, la Cumission européa, la Chëurt européa dla Justizia, l Parlamënt europée, l Cunsëi europée y la Banca zentrela européa.

Stac cumëmbri

Lista di stac cumëmbri de l'Union Europea

Inuem	Unit leprò	Populazion	Spersa (km²)	PIB (milions de US$)	PIB (VPC) a persona	Munëida	Gini	ISU	MEPs	Rujendes
Austria	1995	8 926 000	83 855	447 718	55,406	euro	29,1	0,922	19	tudësch
Belje	1957Fundadëur	11 566 041	30 528	517 609	50,114	euro	33,0	0,931	21	olandesc franzëus tudësch
Bulgaria	2007	6 916 548	110 994	66 250	23,741	lev	29,2	0,816	17	bulgar
Croazia	2013	4 036 355	56 594	60 702	27,681	kuna	29	0,851	12	croat
Cipre	2004	896 000	9 251	24 280	39,079	euro	31,2	0,887	6	grech turch
Republica Ceca	2004	10 574 153	78 866	246 953	40,293	koruna	25,8	0,900	21	cech
Denemarch	1973	5 833 883	43 075	347 176	57,781	krone	24,7	0,940	14	danesc
Estonia	2004	1 330 068	45 227	31 038	37,033	euro	36,0	0,892	7	eston
Finlandia	1995	5 527 493	338 424	269 654	49,334	euro	26,9	0,938	14	finlandesc svedesc
Franzia	1957Fundadëur	67 439 614	632 833	2 707 074	45,454	euro	32,7	0,901	79	franzëus
Germania	1957Fundadëur	83 120 520	357 386	3 863 344	53,571	euro	31,9	0,947	96	tudësch
Grecia	1981	10 682 547	131 990	214 012	29,045	euro	34,3	0,888	21	Grech
Ungaria	2004	9 730 772	93 030	170 407	32,434	forint	30,0	0,854	21	ungaresc
Irlanda	1973	5 006 324	70 273	384 940	89,383	euro	34,3	0,955	13	Nglëisc Irish
Talia	1957Fundadëur	59 862 348	301 338	1 988 636	40,065	euro	36,0	0,892	76	talian
Letonia	2004	1 893 223	64 589	35 045	30,579	euro	35,7	0,866	8	Latvian
Lituania	2004	2 795 680	65 200	53 641	38,605	euro	35,8	0,882	11	Lithuanian
Luxemburg	1957Fundadëur	633 347	2 586,4	69 453	112,875	euro	30,8	0,916	6	franzëus tudësch Luxembourgish
Malta	2004	516 100	316	14 859	43,086	euro	25,8	0,895	6	Maltesc English
Paejes Basc	1957Fundadëur	17 614 840	41 543	902 355	57,101	euro	30,9	0,944	29	olandesc Frisian
Polonia	2004	37 840 001	312 685	565 854	33,739	złoty	34,9	0,880	52	Polach
Portugal	1986	10 298 252	92	236 408	33,131	euro	32,1	0,864	21	portughesc
Romania	2007	19 186 201	238 391	243 698	30,141	leu	31,5	0,828	33	rumen
Slovachia	2004	5 459 781	49 035	106 552	32,184	euro	25,8	0,860	14	slovach
Slovenia	2004	2 108 977	20 273	54 154	38,506	euro	31,2	0,917	8	sloven
Spania	1986	47 394 223	504 030	1 397 870	38,143	euro	32,0	0,904	59	spanuel galizian catalan Occitan basch
Svezia	1995	10 370 000	449 964	528 929	52,477	krona	25,0	0,945	21	svedesc
De ndut/Mesaries	–	447 562 291	4 224 488,4	15 687 843	35,083	–	(mesaria) 30,8	(mesaria) 0,897	705	–

Notes

Outermost regions

Plu nfurmazions: Special member state territories and the European Union

There are a number of overseas member state territories which are legally part of the EU, but have certain exemptions based on their remoteness; see Overseas Countries and Territories Association. These "outermost regions" have partial application of EU law and in some cases are outside of Schengen or the EU VAT area—however they are legally within the EU. They all use the euro as their currency.

Territory	Member State	Post	Spersa km2	Populazion	PIB a persona (EU=100)	Zona CVN de l'UE	Zona Schengen
Azores	Portugal	Ozean Atlantich	2,333	237,900	66.7	Sci	Sci
Ijules Canaries	Spania	Ozean Atlantich	7,447	1,715,700	93.7	No	Sci
French Guiana	Franzia	South America	84,000	161,100	50.5	No	No
Guadeloupe	Franzia	Caribich	1,710	425,700	50.5	No	No
Madeira	Portugal	Ozean Atlantich	795	244,800	94.9	Sci	Sci
Saint-Martin	Franzia	Caribich	52	25,000	61.9	No	No
Martinique	Franzia	Caribich	1,080	383,300	75.6	No	No
Mayotte	Franzia	Ozean Indian	374	212,645		No	No
Réunion	Franzia	Ozean Indian	2,512	837,868	61.6	No	No

Abbreviations

Abbreviations have been used as a shorthand way of grouping countries by their date of accession.

• EU15 includes the fifteen countries in the European Union from 1 January 1995 to 1 May 2004. The EU15 comprised Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and United Kingdom. Eurostat still uses this expression.
• EU19 includes the countries in the EU15 as well as the central European member countries of the OECD: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovak Republic.
• EU11 is used to refer to the Central, Eastern and Baltic European member states that joined in 2004, 2007 and 2013: in 2004 the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia; in 2007 Bulgaria, Romania; and in 2013 Croatia.
• EU27 means all the member states. It was originally used in this sense from 2007 until Croatia's accession in 2013, and during the Brexit negotiations from 2017 until the United Kingdom's withdrawal on 31 January 2020 it came to mean all members except the UK.
• EU28 meant all the member states from the accession of Croatia in 2013 to the withdrawal of the United Kingdom in 2020.

Additionally, other abbreviations have been used to refer to countries which have limited access to the EU labour market.

• A8 is eight of the ten countries that joined the EU in 2004, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia.
• A2 is the countries that joined the EU in 2007, Bulgaria and Romania.

Fontanas

• Eric Cò, Unione Europea. Mito o realtà?, Italian University Press, Genova 2010
• Nicoletta Di Sotto, Dalla periferia all'Europa. I partiti etnoregionalisti e l'Unione europea, 2009, Rubbettino Editore, Soveria Mannelli (CZ)
• Timothy Garton Ash, Storia del presente. Dalla caduta del muro alle guerre dei Balcani, Mondadori, Milano 2001
• Bino Olivi, L'Europa difficile. Storia politica dell'integrazione europea, Il Mulino, Bologna 2001
• Sabino Cassese, Democrazia e Unione europea, in “Giornale di Storia costituzionale”, 2002, n. 3, pp. 9–16.
• Sabino Cassese, L’Unione europea come organizzazione pubblica composita, in “Rivista Italiana di Diritto Pubblico Comunitario”, 2000, n. 5, pp. 987–992.

Liams

• Europa.eu